H.J.Res. 88 · 119th Congress · House
Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine
Introduced 2025-04-02 · Sponsored by Rep. Joyce, John [R-PA-13] (R-PA) · Last updated 2026-03-31
Last action (2025-06-12): Became Public Law No: 119-16.
Summary
Strikes down the EPA waiver that allowed California to require increasing percentages of new car sales to be zero-emission vehicles, reaching 100% by 2035. Because other states can legally copy California's auto standards, this one waiver was on track to become a de facto EV mandate across much of the country without Congress ever voting on it.
The Good
Prevents California from mandating electric vehicle sales timelines
California's Advanced Clean Cars II required increasing percentages of new car sales to be zero-emission, reaching 100% by 2035. Overturning the EPA waiver blocks this mandate, preserving consumer choice to buy gasoline vehicles without state-imposed phase-out schedules.
Avoids cascading effect to other states
Under Section 177 of the Clean Air Act, other states can adopt California's standards. Over a dozen states had adopted or were considering ACC II. Revoking the waiver prevents a de facto national EV mandate enacted without congressional approval.
The Bad
Removes the most aggressive state-level clean vehicle program
ACC II was the single most impactful policy driving EV adoption in the United States, affecting states representing over a third of the national auto market. Without it, the pace of transition to zero-emission vehicles depends entirely on consumer economics and federal standards, which are weaker.
May undermine automaker investment plans already in progress
Major automakers invested billions in EV manufacturing based partly on anticipated regulatory requirements. Removing the policy signal may cause companies to slow or abandon these investments, affecting factory jobs and supply chain development in states that were preparing for EV production.
Vote Record
Senate, 2025-05-22
Passage (Senate)
Passed Congress.gov — Senate Roll Call #277
Senate vote by state
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Senate, 2025-05-21
Motion to Proceed
Passed Congress.gov — Senate Roll Call #276
Senate vote by state
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House, 2025-05-01
BipartisanPassage (House)
Passed Congress.gov — House Roll Call #114
House vote by state
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